Thursday, December 26, 2019

Financial Capital And Cultural Capital - 859 Words

1 As with many other forms of capital, financial capital and cultural capital can often be lacking for individuals of lower classes. Financial capital refers to wages, tangible items, and savings, while cultural capital refers to learned behaviors and outlooks often established by parents. There are â€Å"greater disparities between the wealthy and poor [in America] than residents in other developed nations (349).† The wealth of the upper class represents one third of the nation’s total wealth, and this wealth allows members of the upper class distinct advantages over those with low financial capital (349). Additionally, those with higher financial capital also tend to transfer greater cultural capital to their children. Specifically, wealthy individuals have access to quality education, healthcare, social networks and various other advantages denied to those with low financial capital. Among those advantages is cultural capital. According to the text, in opposition to their more affluent counterparts, â€Å"working-class mothers and fathers are more inclined simply to provide directives, [and are] less likely to consider conversation with children as a learning opportunity (349).† A more nurturing parenting style gives children a chance to understand the importance of confidence and expressing themselves, both valuable forms of cultural capital. Cultural capital often not provided by less affluent individuals due to â€Å"the financial and psychological stress of poverty (349).†Show MoreRelatedEssay On Sugar Relationship1493 Words   |  6 Pagesthere are many reasons as to why young men and women enter into sugar relationships with older men and women, but no reason became mor e prominent than that of financial and material reward. Sugar baby relationships provide an interesting snapshot and view of society as it is today. It highlights the need or desire to date to gain financial or material gains. It points out the increasing cost tuition and fees for tertiary education. However it also notes that whilst society has stuck a 21st centuryRead MoreGlobalization and Its Meaning Broadly Speaking, the Term ‘Globalization’ Means Integration of Economies and Societies Through Cross Country Flows of Information, Ideas, Technologies, Goods, Services, Capital,1074 Words   |  5 Pagesideas, technologies, goods, services, capital, finance and people. Cross border integration can have several dimensions – cultural, social, political and economic. In fact, some people fear cultural and social integration even more than economic integration. The fear of â€Å"cultural hegemony† haunts many. Limiting ourselves to economic integration, one can see this happen through the three channels of (a) trade in goods and services, (b) movement of capital and (c) flow of finance. Besides, thereRead MoreGlobalization Evolution703 Words   |  3 Pagescross border transactions in goods and services and of international capital flows and also through the more rapid and wide spread diffusion of technology† Charles Hill defines globalization â€Å"it is a shift towards more integrated and interdependent world economy† It has two components 1. Globalization of markets 2. Globalization of production Globalization refers to the free cross border movements of goods and services, capital, information and people. It is the process of creating network connectionsRead MoreSons Of Anarchy ( Soa ) Essay1642 Words   |  7 PagesClass is the relative location of a person or group within a larger society based on wealth power, prestige, or other valued resources. In other words, class can be defined as a socioeconomic status in which one’s capital defines their class position thus giving us a ranking of financial status. This categorization of class position is based on economic status that can be determined through income, profession, or inherited wealth. Blue collar (working class), white collar, and upper class (professionalRead MoreCollege Admissions At High End Universities881 Words   |  4 Pagesa family that is in the lower class or you come from a city where public schools are lacking in the resources to help you, than you are at a disadvantage at getting accepted. These families and cities are suffering from a lack of economic and cultural capital to make their residents into elite colleges. This means that they don t have enough money or knowledge to make it in. This leads to what is called class stratification, where people are stuck in the class they are born into. The world makesRead MoreThe Trouble with Geniuses763 Words   |  4 PagesLangen and Robert Oppenheimer were both geniuses, Oppenheimer had better life chances and more opportunities than did Chris Langan. Oppenheimer was born in a wealthy and well-known family and was in an upper social class. Therefore he had a richer cultural capital than Chris Langan because his parents taught him how to deal with adults and how to assert himself. They also encouraged him to take chances. For instance, when he has an opportunity to be a speaker at the New York Mineralogical Club, he wasRead MoreIntergenerational Mobility : From Sri Lanka982 Words   |  4 PagesIntergenerational Mobility; from Sri Lanka to Canada My father was a farmer in Sri Lanka and due to his financial situation, he couldn’t attain a proper education. After he immigrated to Canada he worked as a chef at a restaurant and he had financial stability. As a result of an unforeseen car accident, he lost his well-paying job and he works currently as a janitor for minimum wage. I might experience intergenerational mobility as I am currently studying in university with aspirations to becomeRead MoreThe Between Economic, Social And Cultural1463 Words   |  6 Pagessome people it’s about what you ‘have’ and who/what you ‘know’. When classifying Capital, it is important to note that there are three forms of Capital - Economic, Social and Cultural. To participate in games, we need certain equipment specific to the game. The ability to participate in fields requires forms of cultural resources, or ‘capital’ that are specific to the various fields. The distribution of such capitals is intrinsic to what defines a field. Therefore, a social location is always bothRead MoreMncs Can Raise Capital Through Bank Loans, Credit, Bonds, And Credit Card Debt755 Words   |  4 Pages1. MNCs can raise capital through bank loans, personal loans, bonds and credit card debt. This method is a debt capital. The cons are it bring additional burden of interest, which is the cost of debt capital. In addition, the payments must be made to lenders. The pros are the cost of debt capital tend to be lower than the cost of equity capital. MNCS can also raise capital through equity capital, which is from the sale of shares of stock. The pros are that the company do not need to repay shareholderRead MoreWhat Role Does Education Play On Social Equality Or Inequality?1643 Words   |  7 Pagesform human capital that will benefit society as a whole; ultimately, this will diminish the disparities of wealth and power by allowing the less fortunate an opportunity to add meaning into society. Yet education may be illustrated as the means of equalization, it has been argued, that the purpose of education is unsuccessful; instead of overcoming closing the wealth gap, there are substantiation that it actually reinforces it. In Pierre Bourdieu’s theoretical paper, â€Å"The forms of Capital†, the topic

Wednesday, December 18, 2019

Essay about Financial Analysis of Anz and Nab - 2581 Words

|–– | |[Financial Analysis of ANZ and NAB | | Group Assignment | | | | | | | |†¦show more content†¦However, a lower P/E ratio can also be generated with one-off abnormal earnings (Phan, 2011). In 2008, share prices dropped mainly due to the US sub-prime crisis, which started in 2007 (Lixi, 2008). This had a huge impact on the P/E ratio for 2008, which is slightly below the threshold of 10 times. The P/E ratio for ANZ was higher than NAB in 2009 and there was lesser fluctuation in ratio. Share prices tend to rise with improved economic conditions, and with stimulus packages being distributed all over the world, there was uplift in the global economy, hence driving share prices (Larsen, 2012). However, falling earnings over 2009 caused both P/E ratios to rise. NAB’s P/E ratio increased a significant amount and overtook ANZ’s. Over the 5 years, NAB’s P/E ratio fluctuation is observed to be consistently higher than ANZ’s. Moreover, NAB’s higher P/E ratio might be due to investors’ high expectations, which were not supported by earnings. The P/E ratios returned to a more normal course in 2010 due to improved earnings (See Appendices 1). In 2011, earnings were higher than in 2010 but the drop in market share price caused P/E ratio to decrease again. This drop might be linked to concerns over the uncertainties around sovereign debt in Europe. 2) Return on Equity (ROE) According to Forbes,Show MoreRelatedEvaluation Of The Current Liquidity Management Essay2081 Words   |  9 PagesExecutive Summary This report provides analysis of the current liquidity management in banks. Methods of evaluation include peer, trend and horizontal analysis such as ratios, principle and regulations. In the first part, we analyze the differences between liability liquidity management and asset liquidity management and explore the features an effective liquidity management system should possess. Then we compare liquidity ratios of four banks in Australia to examine their performance on liquidityRead MoreCompany Supply Chain Analysis Report for Nab3082 Words   |  13 PagesSupply Chain Analysis Report for NAB Executive Summary The intent of this report is to analyse the practice of supply chain management in National Australia Bank (NAB). The sources of information for this report are from academic readings, internet news and NAB websites. Logical thinking and supply chain process mapping are the tools used to analyse NAB supply chain management practices. The raw material and products chosen to analyse is money. The analysis concluded NAB money productRead MoreWestpac Pestel Analysis+Recommendation740 Words   |  3 Pages1. Westpac PESTEL analysis 1. Political and Legal analysis There are huge amounts of regulations and laws supervising the banking system in Australia. In this paper, we focus on one important and famous regulation: ‘four pillars’ policy. Basically, the ‘four pillar’ is a specific Australian policy to maintain the separation of ‘big four’ banks including Westpac and to prevent any merge and acquisition among these four banks (1997) .In terms of the report from both TUNSTALL (2007) andRead MoreFundamental And Economical Swot Of Commonwealth And Nab Bank Essay1855 Words   |  8 PagesExecutive summary 3. Introduction 4. Body I. Macro Analysis II. Micro Analysis 5. Conclusion 6. Recommendation 7. References Fundamental and Economical Analysis of Commonwealth and NAB bank Executive summary This is an economic strategic record, which is divided into three components. Section A describes and introduced Commonwealth Bank and Nab Bank concerning the mission, current price methods and the market definition of the Commonwealth Bank and Nab Bank. These banks are the top four biggest banksRead MoreNational Australia Bank Essay3858 Words   |  16 PagesAustralia, for education, business or any other purposes, one of their first concerns is always which bank/s are the most trust-worthy. For those who know the answer to this question, a typical response would be, â€Å"any of the big four†, which includes the ANZ Bank, Commonwealth Bank of Australia, Westpac Bank, and the National Australia Bank. National Australia Bank is often mentioned as one of the â€Å"Big four† in the banking industry in Australia today. It has one of the highest stock values of all banksRead MorePorter 5 Forces Analysis1011 Words   |  5 Pages------------------------------------------------- Date: 10th May 2013 Porter s 5 Forces Analysis of the Retail Banking Industry in Australia Retail banking can be defined as an industry where financial institutions offer mass market banking in which individual customers use local branches of larger commercial banks. Services offered include savings and checking accounts, mortgages, personal loans, debit/credit cards. Retail banking aims to be the one-stop shop for as many financial services as possible on behalf of retail clients.Read MoreReport on the Situational Analysis for Commonwealth Bank of Australia(Cba)1207 Words   |  5 Pagessituational analysis in CBA. This analysis is important part of marketing plan. All business needs to take action which helps them keep good position on the market. Before taken any action analysis has to be made. Answers and data which were obtained during analysis can help chose strategies, which help achieve objectives. At the beginning will be presented brief history of CBA. The Commonwealth Bank of Australia (CBA) supports sector with their following industries such as banking, financial and investmentRead MoreThe Central Bank Of Australia1071 Words   |  5 Pagescontrol a strong financial system and productive payment system, and last but not least issuing bank’s notes. On the other hand, the Central Bank delivers banking services to overseas central banks and others institutions. Also managed the gold and the exchange reserves from the country. Today, the Central Bank runs by the voice of Glenn Stevens, Governor, with an interest rate target of 2%. Bank Regulation Australia has two mainly agencies that regulates all the financial institutions forRead MoreThe Pre Basel IIi Requirement For Major Banks1950 Words   |  8 Pagesrequirement for major banks is APS 210. APS210 requires financial institutions liquidity must suffice for two operating scenarios: going-concern scenario, to model the expected behavior of CFs in the ordinary course of business for at least 15 months; and bank-specific name crisis, which requires available liquidity to keep the bank operating for at least five business days. According to APRA, HQLA include cash, bank bills and CDs issued by financial institutions and at-call deposits (APRA, 2008). NoticeablyRead MoreEssay about Anz Offshoring Strategy4554 Words   |  19 PagesANZ | OFFSHORING Background This strategic report of ANZ’s offshoring strategy examines the effectiveness and drivers of ANZ’s decision to move towards outsourcing internationally, analyses the impact of ANZ’s offshore programs on stakeholders, explores key risks and opportunities and evaluates the success of ANZ’s offshore system. A | Strategy Analysis February 2012 saw ANZ confirm job cuts to 492 permanent employees, 100 of these positions to be moved overseas. In early 2013, ANZ again

Tuesday, December 10, 2019

Informatics Transaction Processing System

Questions: 1. Discuss how an information system, of your choice, works (take a case) and how such a system can enhance a companys performance.2. Identify the challenges that informatics can present to organizations and societies technical, cultural, and ethical. Answers: 1. Presently the information system is the most common concept for developing the economic growth as well as improving the structure of the organization. In todays business world, various type of information systems such as expert system, decision support system, transaction processing system, management information system and office automation system. This system has a different role in an organization hierarchy and their operation. Now the impact of the information system is being defined through the evolution of information system in the Walmart (DeMarco, Paul Kilpatrick, 2015). Presently Walmart has enhanced their business as the biggest retailer all over the world. They have earned $15.2 billion on sales of $ 443.9 billion in 2012. This retailer presently serves 200 million clients in seven days this kind of success achieved by their supply chain management system. The Walmart implemented this information system in the mid-1980s, which allows the direct access to their inventory levels as well as information regarding sales of their at any store. This information system allows the supplier to analyze the sales record of their product, this information is generated by a range of reporting option (Pearlson, Saunders Galletta, 2016). This advance option provides the advancement in terms of managing their inventory levels. If any supplier thinks that their product is selling out very quickly, then they can inf orm the Walmart for raising their inventory level. According to this study, it can be assumed that this kind of significant process to inventory management has given the allowance to the supplier and Walmart to carry out the respond towards the market forces and drive the price down. 2. Technical Challenges: The use of informatics have resulted in giving rise to some technical challenges for Walmart. The information system had become complex, and it has increased the probabilities of making errors. The information data for the operations of Walmart is huge in number. Apart from it, the use of informatics would also lead to increase in time taken for deploying the system (Pearlson, Saunders Galletta, 2016). Hence, the management of such amount of information would give rise to some technical mistakes or errors. Cultural Challenges: The use of informatics would give rise to some cultural problems in Walmart. The employees who lack the knowledge of using the informatics would be terminated from the organization. The overall interaction among the employees while transferring the information would be nullified, as the information and data can be transferred easily by using the informatics system (DeMarco, Paul Kilpatrick, 2015). This lack of interaction would give rise to cultural differences and growth of tension among the workers at the organization. Ethical Challenges: The use of informatics for the operations of Walmart would also generate some ethical issues. The informatics had also provided chances for the growth of technology for misusing the information stored at the informatics database. The hackers and the cyber criminal could hack the system and extract information from the system by using the advanced tools and techniques. The data and information might be misinterpreted for harming the flow of operations of Walmart. Moreover, the rival companies can use the stolen information for capturing the market and gaining supremacy over the Walmart. Reference DeMarco, S. S., Paul, R., Kilpatrick, R. J. (2015). Information system technologies role in augmenting dermatologists knowledge of prescription medication costs. International journal of medical informatics, 84(12), 1076-1084. Pearlson, K. E., Saunders, C. S., Galletta, D. F. (2016). Managing and Using Information Systems, Binder Ready Version: A Strategic Approach. John Wiley Sons.

Monday, December 2, 2019

Why Canadian Unity Matters and Why Americans Care an Example by

Why Canadian Unity Matters and Why Americans Care About the Author Charles F. Doran has long been interested in the effects of social theories with regards the regaining of peace and security within the different stretches of the world. In this case, Canada has become one of his focused elements that naturally give him the idea of possibly being able to see the different effects of globalization toward the worldwide dream of having peace and security. In his book Why Canadian Unity Matters and Why Americans Care, he actually shows that there are different impacting issues between the political standing of both countries that actually affect their views with regards the rightful way of living in terms of realizing the importance of unity within the society. Need essay sample on "Why Canadian Unity Matters and Why Americans Care" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed About the Book Charles Doran actually professed that the [political situation that is exists around the world affects the human systems accordingly with an interconnected impact on their lifestyles and continental political bearings. The idea of democratic pluralism is then highly focused upon within the book of Doran. This is primarily because of the argument that he wants to prove with regards the effectiveness of relational effect that political equality brings towards the aims of being united amidst the major fact that communities today are widely considered to have diversified populations making them up. Contents and Summary The average citizen of the United States is aware of certain facts about Canada, the vast country that lies to Americas north. But his information may not go much beyond knowing that there are descendants of the British, French and Americans living there, that they see the northern lights, and that the Mounted Police always get their man. If he is old enough he may have heard about the Dionne quintuplets. One of such facts the average American assumes is that for the past two centuries Canadians as a whole have loved Americans. Indeed, he may feel that Canadians would no doubt have been willing to become a part of the United States if the British or Canadian governments would have permitted it. But is this the way it really was? A consideration of history from Canadas viewpoint reveals many things generally unknown or ignored by most Americans. For instance, Americans would find it difficult to believe that Canadians do not always think so kindly of their neighbors to the south. This is because most Americans fail to remember, if they ever knew, that the first English-speaking Canadians were Loyalists.These Loyalists were people who chose to remain loyal to British rule when the thirteen American colonies rebelled against England in the 1770s. While the colonists regarded their action as a rebellion against tyranny, the Loyalists regarded it as a rebellion against the established law and order. Again, it depended upon whose ox you were considering. Anti-British mobs tarred, feathered and sometimes even murdered the Loyalists, who were forced to flee, literally for their lives. They went to Canada. In most cases they lost their personal property and lands, which were confiscated and never paid for. The approx imately 50,000 or more Americans who chose to support the government of England understandably did not like or trust the country from which they had to flee. And the events of the next one hundred years did little to change their minds. Americans twice invaded Canada, and on at least two other occasions it was the victim of attacks based in the United States. The people who fled, who resented, and remembered are the forefathers of many present-day Canadians. While they no longer have the same fears, some resentment still remains. Thus, the events that have taken place on the North American continent have been viewed quite differently, according to who was doing the viewing. But, then, is it any other way elsewhere? Is it not true that every nation interprets history according to its own interests? Almost always the view is similar to the one declared by a famous American: My country, may she always be right; but my country, right or wrong. Such attitudes in all nations have been responsible for much hostility and bloodshed. Indeed, history is filled with the sickening reminders of such misunderstanding and blunders under mans rule. How obvious it is that human government, however well intentioned, is simply incapable of providing a system that brings true liberty, justice and equality for all. Although history itself attests to the fact that the American-Canadian relationship has primarily existed within the war years, Dorans book further points out that the current relations that Canada and America has towards the neighboring countries are rather a proof that both countries have moved on towards the betterment of both their political and social systems. Thus, today, the systems of both countries are directly interrelated that they are considered as the closest neighbors there are that amidst the major decay that history has implored upon their political understanding as they are experiencing today, both governmental administrations of both countries were able to overcome the deafening effects of the past with regards their present civil relationship. This is the reason why Doran pointed out that whatever political standing Canada has; the American society is directly affected as the mater obviously is involved with the major political implications of the United States. Considering this fact, it may as well be well understood that the application of democratic pluralism within the political systems of Canada should be well recognized by the United States as it may as well help them in attaining their dream of a more unified America that naturally gives them the stronger stand that they need in the global society of economy and trade, especially considering the fact that they are in dire need of dealing with highly diversified human population at present. Further Comments and Overall Reaction As a well-versed writer with regards the topics that he handles through the subjects he presented through his book, Doran was able to present the situation he wants to show in a much balanced idea. Whereas, he sees the two different communities as different countries having different standings when it comes to political issues as well as social dealings, yet are having considerably impacting effects to each others existing system of living within their own societies. Understandably, making the ends meet is the major aim of Doran in publishing his book. The use of authenticated sources has validated the informations that he shared through his writing. All the more, the use of the historical background of the relationship of both countries has actually marked a better state of acceptance for the fact that each government from both sides of the party impacts the other as changes are implied within their own communities specifically when dealing with human diversity. Moreover, it could be noticed clearly how the voice of the author made his writing convincing thus showing his knowledgeable state with regards the issue that is being presented through the reading. Overall, it could be considered that Dorans book is indeed a fine read for all those interested on the possibility of having political issues and political systems interact with each other because of the existence of the global neighboring scene. Reference: Charles F. Doran. (2001). Why Canadian Unity Matters and Why Americans Care: Democratic Pluralism at Risk. University of Toronto Press.

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

The Great Flood Gilgamesh vs. The Hebrew Scriptures Essays

The Great Flood Gilgamesh vs. The Hebrew Scriptures Essays The Great Flood Gilgamesh vs. The Hebrew Scriptures Essay The Great Flood Gilgamesh vs. The Hebrew Scriptures Essay Essay Topic: The Epic of Gilgamesh The Year Of the Flood Upon reading The Epic of Gilgamesh and The Old Testament: Hebrew Views on God and History we find embedded into each of the texts a story of the great flood.In analyzing the two pieces we see that the stories are very similar.This is very interesting since they were written within several hundred years of each other.The similarities and the differences within the stories shed light on what types of belief systems the ancient Mesopotamian civilizations had as well as giving us an idea of what might have been important to the people. As we look at the two texts, the storyline of both texts is based on the same historically significant event.In each of these stories these aspects are the same.Thefirst is that each man in the stories was contacted by his God/Gods and told that they were angry at mankind.Because of their anger the gods decided that they were going to send a flood to destroy them. These gods, taking pity upon specific men, gave Utnapishtim and Noah instructions to build large boats in which they were to save their families and a male and female of every thing living.Each man obeyed the words of his god, built the boat, covered it in pitch to protect it from the water, filled it with the supplies, and an instance of every living thing. The story goes onto give an account of a terrible storm with torrential rain; which created such a flood that man, plant, and animal kind were destroyed.When the rains had stopped and the sun returned, both boats settled on an underwater mountain top.Utnapishtim and Noah both sent out a series of three birds to help them to know when the waters had receded enough for them to leave the boat.Upon leaving the boat both men offered sacrifices to his god for allowing them to survive.As a reward for their obedience both men were blessed. Although the stories are very similar there are many differences within the story which set each group of peoples apa

Saturday, November 23, 2019

How To Guess if a Spanish Noun Is Masculine or Feminine

How To Guess if a Spanish Noun Is Masculine or Feminine Although it is seldom possible to predict with certainty whether a given Spanish noun is of masculine or feminine gender, Spanish has numerous guidelines that can usually be followed. Key Takeaways: Spanish Noun Gender Nouns ending in -a, -cià ³n, -à ­a, or -dad are usually feminine.Nouns ending in -o, an accented vowel, -or, or -aje are usually masculine.Names of rivers, lakes, and oceans are usually masculine; names of mountains are usually feminine. The most well-known rule or guideline is that nouns ending in -o are masculine and those ending in -a are feminine, but there are numerous exceptions to this gender rule, especially for those ending in -a. Some of the exceptions are listed below. Following are some other guides to gender determination. Note that many words have definitions in addition to those listed: Feminine Suffixes Nouns ending in certain suffixes are usually feminine. They include -cià ³n (usually the equivalent of -tion), -sià ³n, -à ­a (usually the equivalent of -y, although not in the diminutive sense), -za, -dad (often used like -ty), and -itis (-itis). la nacià ³n (nation)la intervencià ³n (intervention)la hospitalizacià ³n (hospitalization)la ocasià ³n (occasion)la tensià ³n (tension)la economà ­a (economy)la taxonomà ­a (taxonomy)la probreza (poverty)la felicidad (happiness)la caridad (charity)la mastitis (mastitis)la meningitis (meningitis) Masculine Endings Nouns of Greek origin ending in -a, often -ma, are nearly always masculine. Most of these words have English cognates. el problema (problem)el drama (drama)el poema (poem)el tema (subject) Nouns ending in an accented vowel are usually masculine. el sof (sofa)el tabà º (taboo)el rubà ­ (ruby) Nouns with certain other endings are usually masculine. These include -aje (usually the equivalent of -age), -ambre, and -or. An exception is la flor (flower). el coraje (courage)el mensaje (message)el espionaje (espionage)el hambre (hunger)el calambre (cramp)el calor (heat)el dolor (pain)el interior (interior) Masculine Infinitives Infinitives used as nouns are masculine. el fumar (smoking)el cantar (singing)el viajar (traveling) Months and Days Months and days of the week are masculine. el enero (January)el septiembre (September)el martes (Tuesday)el jueves (Thursday) Letters and Numbers Letters are feminine while numbers are masculine. One way to remember this is that letra is feminine while nà ºmero is masculine. la d (d)la o (o)el siete (seven)el ciento (100) Abbreviations and Shortened Words The gender of abbreviations and acronyms typically matches the gender of the main noun of what the shortened version stands for. la ONU (the O stands for Organizacià ³n, which is feminine)los EE.UU. (United States; estados (states) is masculine)las FF.AA. (armed forces; fuerzas is feminine)la NASA (NASA; the word for agency, agencia, is feminine)el FBI (FBI; burà ³, the word for bureau, is masculine) Words that are a shorter form of another word or of a phrase retain the gender of the longer word or of the main noun in the phrase. la moto (motorcycle; the word is a shortened form of la motocicleta)la disco (disco; the word is a shortened form of la discoteca)la foto (photo; the word is a shortened form of la fotografà ­a)la bici (bicycle; the word is a shortened form of la bicicleta)un Toyota (a Toyota. The masculine may be used here as a short form of un coche Toyota, as coche, the word for car, is masculine. However, una Toyota may refer to a Toyota pickup truck, because the common word for pickup is the feminine camioneta.)la Alcatraz (the word for prison, prisià ³n, is feminine) Compound and Two-Word Nouns Compound nouns formed by following a verb with a noun are masculine. el rascacielos (skyscraper)el dragaminas (minesweeper)el guardarropa (clothes closet)el tragamondedas (slot or vending machine) Two-word nouns, which are unusual in Spanish, carry the gender of the first noun. el kilowatt hora (kilowatt-hour)el sitio web (website)el aà ±o luz (light-year)la mujer objeto (sex object)la noticia bomba (bombshell news story) Chemical Elements With the exception of la plata (silver), names of the chemical elements are masculine. el flà ºor (fluorine)el cinc (zinc)el hidrà ³geno (hydrogen) Geographical Names Names of rivers, lakes and oceans are masculine because el rà ­o, el lago and el ocà ©ano, respectively, are masculine. el Danubio (the Danube)el Amazonas (the Amazon)el Titicaca (Titicaca)el Atlntico (the Atlantic) Names of mountains are usually masculine, because el monte (mountain) is masculine. An exception is that the Rockies are usually referred to as las Rocosas or las Montaà ±as Rocosas. los Himalayas (the Himalayas)el Cervino (the Matterhorn)los Andes (the Andes) Names of islands are usually feminine because la isla (island) is feminine. las Canarias (Canary Islands)las Azores (Azores)las Antillas (West Indies) Company Names Names of companies usually are feminine, because la compaà ±Ãƒ ­a (company) is feminine, as are sociedad anà ³nima (corporation), corporacià ³n (corporation), and empresa (business). This rule is not consistently followed, however, and some well-known companies (such as Google) are referred to as either masculine or feminine. la Microsoft (Microsoft)la ExxonMobil (ExxonMobil)la Nestlà © (Nestlà ©) Imported Words The default gender for foreign words adopted into the language is masculine, but a feminine gender is sometimes acquired if theres a reason for doing so. Thus foreign nouns that end in -a sometimes become feminine, as do some words related in meaning to a Spanish feminine word. el marketing (marketing)la web (the Web or World Wide Web; the feminine is usually used because the Spanish words red and teleraà ±a, words for web and network, respectively, are feminine)el internet, la internet (both genders are used)los jeans (jeans)el rock (rock music)el software (software)el show (show)el champà º (shampoo)el bistec (beefsteak)la pizza (pizza)

Thursday, November 21, 2019

The Project Risk Profile Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

The Project Risk Profile - Essay Example This essay stresses that the protocol produces meaningful project profiles using a consistent approach and fully quantifying concepts which might be considered non-quantifiable. Importantly, this protocol allows for the assessment of risks and strategic factors which are important for good decision-making. The PRP and SI are somewhat subjective calculations, and the FAP protocol forces management and appraisal teams to consider reasonable values for important, subjective judgments. This paper makes a conclusion that management will reject projects outright if the risks are too great or if the projects do not fit with the company’s overall strategic vision, but using the FAP protocol allows for a full understanding of financial and strategic potentials. Aspects of projects such as deferment, growth or abandonment are important considerations, and the FAP protocol structure allows evaluation teams to include those aspects in the evaluations. Since several sub-models play into the overall structure of the FAP model, evaluators are afforded flexibility. No project is rejected based on a single aspect of consideration, nor are projects accepted which may produce undesirable results because strategy and risk were not accounted for during assessment. The FAP model produces a dynamic and pragmatic approach to capital project evaluations and allows the management and appraisal teams to introduce their judgments into the model in a straightforward and structured w ay.

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

Abnormalities of Schizophrenia Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Abnormalities of Schizophrenia - Research Paper Example Statistical estimates of the genetic epidemiology of schizophrenia confirm that a high degree of heritability factor is fundamental to the psychological disorder of schizophrenia. A review of the scholarly literature on the question of schizophrenia in relation to heritability also supports the claim that heritability is a crucial factor in schizophrenia. However, it is essential to realize that the estimates of heritability show a high level of discrepancy as a result of the complexity in taking apart the effects of genetics and the environment on schizophrenia. Therefore, an investigation into the psychological disorder of schizophrenia as having a high degree of heritability is an essential contribution to the study of genetics and neurobiology. Although schizophrenia has been the most studied of all psychiatric disorders in relation to heritability, this research focuses on the abnormalities of the neuroanatomical pathways and neurophysiological function believed to cause schizop hrenia and this study undertakes a reflective analysis of the available scholarly literature on the topic. An Annotated Bibliography Costello, Charles G. (Ed). (1993). Symptoms of Schizophrenia. New York: John Wiley and Sons. One of the most resources on the study of the abnormalities of the neuroanatomical pathways and neurophysiological function of schizophrenia... This significant writing brings about the link between basic science and clinical insights through the exploration of schizophrenia research and it makes a vital contribution to the understanding of various abnormalities of Schizophrenia in connection with heritability. Significantly, â€Å"this new book brings together many of the most productive and admired investigators in those areas of research, individuals who have contributed most to contemporary developmental models of schizophrenia. Each of the chapters provides a state-of-the-art overview of the authors’ area of expertise, including directions for future.† (Keshavan, Kennedy, and Murray, 2004, p. xvii). Therefore, this book is an essential resource for investigation on abnormalities of schizophrenia and the role of heritability. Turetsky, Bruce I., Moberg, Paul J., Mozley, Lyn Harper., Moelter, Stephen T., and Agrin, Rachel N. (2002 ). â€Å"Memory-Delineated Subtypes of Schizophrenia: Relationship to Clinica l, Neuroanatomical, and Neurophysiological Measures.† American Psychological Association, Inc. Neuropsychology. 16, (4). pp. 481–490. In this article, Turetsky, Moberg, Mozley, Moelter, and Agrin (2002) examine memory performance in patients with schizophrenia in order to identify subgroups conforming to cortical and sub-cortical dementias and to determine whether these subgroups differed on clinical, neuroanatomical, and neurophysiological measures. It is one of the essential articles on neuroanatomical pathways and neurophysiological function of schizophrenia. In this study, â€Å"the authors conclude that categorizing patients on the basis of memory deficits may yield

Sunday, November 17, 2019

Dramatic techniques Essay Example for Free

Dramatic techniques Essay In act four Proctor has to make the decision whether he should or should not confess. Arthur Miller uses dramatic techniques such as the use of descriptive stage directions. These tell you of the feelings emotions and actions of the characters such as in the opening of the act were Miller sets the scene by saying The place is in darkness but for the moonlight seeping through the bars. Arthur miller also describes sounds such as the sound of footsteps the shouting and the drums used to add drama and tension to the act. Hale has considerably changed from when we first saw him, as now he is no longer self-assured or confident like when he was first introduced. The audience sees a change in which Hale is presented as a different character to the beginning of the play, Hale is now described as being guilty and he is noticed to be different by the other characters They look at him for an instant in silence. He is steeped in sorrow, exhausted, and more direct then he ever was as opposed to his first description of a Tight skinned intellectual. Hale decides to try to convince Elizabeth to help them as they think that she is the only one who can convince proctor to confess, and as Proctor is a respected man within the village they hope that the other accused will also confess. Hale knows that neither he nor Parris could convince Proctor to confess so Elizabeth is there only hope of persuading Proctor before dawn.  When hale pleads with Elizabeth to talk to Proctor to persuade him to confess she is silent and will not speak to hale, but Hale then tells her Proctor will die at dawn, which makes Elizabeth ask if she can speak with proctor. Elizabeth dose not promise to convince proctor to confess however she pleads with Danforth to allow her to speak with Proctor as she knows that he will die at dawn and she wants to see him one last time before he is hung. Proctors appearance is now a visual shock as he is a contrast to when he was first introduced, as he is now a shadow of his former self. When we were first introduced to Proctor he is described as powerful of body and not easily led which is the opposite of how he is described now. Proctor is now described as being another man, bearded, filthy, his eyes misty as though webs had overgrown them. This shows the audience he is no longer the once proud Proctor who was gained the respect of people as he entered the room. Proctor is pressured to confess as he loves Elizabeth and dose not want to leave her as now she has a child on the way and when Proctor questioned her on what he should do she told him I wan you living John, thats sure. Elizabeth also tells him that a hundred or more have confessed. However Proctor is also pressured not to confess as people which he knows have not confessed such as Giles. Elizabeth tell Proctor that Giles stood mute and did not answer his indictment so that he would be pressed and die a Christian death, she also tell him that Giles said only two words More weight. This adds conflict to proctors decision as Giles was an old man and yet he died for his beliefs so that his sons would get his farm. Proctor is also told that Rebecca nurse has still not confessed. Proctors body language towards Elizabeth is different to how he used to address her. Proctor now shows himself to be guilty and dose not know what to do with great force of will but not quite looking at her this show the audience that Proctor dose want to talk to her but his guilt is holding him back. In this section of act four Proctor is shown to be in turmoil as he is not sure whether or not Elizabeth dose want him back or not and whether or not she loves him still pauses- then with a flailing of hope. Emotive language is used in the stage directions to suggest that Proctors decision to confess or not is emotional words such as pain and agony show how Proctor feels although he is not physically in pain he is emotionally torn between his the decision he must now make. Proctor realises that Elizabeth still cares for him when she tells him that there is still some good in him. This adds to Proctors confidence allowing some of his guilt to be lifted and gives him the strength to look into her eyes and ask for her forgiveness. Elizabeth realises that Proctor is about to makes his decision and knows what it will be this adds to the emotion. Proctors decision to confess is dramatic as it builds up wen he rises slowly until he cant hold in what he wants to say anymore and shouts out in great pain Enough, enough-. Proctors decision to confess leads the audience to believe that because he has decided to confess then maybe this will influence Elizabeth and Rebecca nurse to confess. It also makes the audience think that Proctor will live.  The speed of Danforth and the others adds tension as it shows the audience the urgency of getting Proctor to sign as it will soon be to late as its not only Proctor they want to confess. Danforth also wants Rebecca as they feel that hanging these people will cause the villagers to rebel as Proctor and Rebecca, are respected people. Danforth is and the others are so rushed as time is running out and dawn is nearing this means that it will soon be to late for them to save Rebecca and also Proctor may change his mind to confess.

Thursday, November 14, 2019

Causes of the Cold War Essay -- History USSR USA

Causes of the Cold War In this paper I will discuss what actions and thoughts added up to cause the cold war. The cold war lasted from September 1, 1945 to about December 25, 1991. That is about forty-five years, which is an extremely long time. The cold war was a global competition basically between two sides, the Free World, which was led by the United States of America, and the Communist World led by the Soviet Union. The struggle took place through indirect military conflict, and direct competition in the areas of economics, diplomacy, culture, space exploration, and political theory. It also involved nuclear stand offs, espionage, and global competition for other nations. The cold war has established the framework for most international and national policy decisions. The United States? goals were to defend Western Europe, contain Soviet and Communist expansion, and to prevent nuclear war. The Americans had an estimated twenty-four million veterans participating in the cold war and spent over twelve trillion dollars on it as well. The results for America were that we maintained the achievements of our victory in World War II, avoided/prevented global nuclear war, and unified Germany. We also directly freed 400 million people in ten different European nations from the bondage of Communism. We did this in the Soviet Union, East Germany, Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Rumania, Bulgaria, Latvia, Estonia, and Lithuania. The United States also indirectly assisted in the freeing or relieving of tension/control on the peoples of Albania, Yugoslavia, Finland, and Mongolia. Basically the two pick players in the cold war were the United States and the Soviet Union. At the end of the World War II the relations be... ...place mainly between the Soviet Union and the United States, again. The USSR got extremely annoyed not to know about America?s atom bomb in 1945. However the USSR got their own atom bomb in 1949 and then both sides began to stock up on weapons to arm themselves. The Soviets took the American bombing on Japan as an American motive to intimidate Josef Stalin of the Soviet Union. The existence of nuclear weapons prevented an all-out war, possibly a World War III, between the Soviet Union and The United States. Both sides realized that since they both have nuclear weapons what good would it be to use them, because they would destroy each other. So basically there was numerous things that took place that added up to the creation of the cold war. Nobody can pick out one event and say that it caused the cold war, because it was definitely more than one thing.

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

Four Horsemen

Jair Hayes Mr. Buckingham Horsemen Essay 1 December 2011 Series of Unfortunate Events The four horsemen of the apocalypse appear in the story â€Å"How Much Land does a Man Need? † because they are all symbolical. The four horsemen are the horse of Conquest (white), War (Red), Black (Famine), and Pale (Death). These four horsemen are all symbolical in some way and all connect in the story in a important way. They help explain the series of events in Pakhom’s journey to his demise. The first horseman is conquest which is a white horse. This is symbolic because Pakhom sets out on a conquest for so much land. He starts off with no land basically then he starts to get land. He next has 15 desyatins, and seems to be contempt with this land. Though, after a while he does set out to get to get more land which he acquires. Pakhom then realizes he can get even more land by going to these Indians to get as much land as he wants. Then he realizes that he has to pay 100 rubies a day to get as much as he wants. Before this though, we get introduced to the next horse which is war. The next being war comes in when Pakhom gets his land. He realizes that people are messing with his land and he doesn’t like it. Though, the irony in that is the fact that he did the same thing when he had little to no land himself. After these events Pakhom took people to court and lost and would try to put peasants on trial. This caused a dispute between Pakhom and most of the commoners, meaning they didn’t get along. People are in a war because naturally they don’t get along. Though, you have to make sacrifices in war which brings in the next horse. The next horseman is famine which is represented by black. This one is more metaphorical I feel then literal. For Pakhom to afford all this land he sold many things. Eventually he sold almost everything he had. He went into a personal need or possession famine. Pakhom also went into a morals famine. He basically left everything behind just for land and nothing else, which in hindsight makes no sense. If you don’t have money to even buy seeds, he why would you need land. He didn’t even have a horse anymore because he sold it. He could have used his horse to plow the fields. Pakhom became very greedy which leads to the final horse. The last horse is the horseman of death which is a pale color. This horse is obviously representing the death of the main character Pakhom. Pakhom became too greedy and unnecessarily needy. When he keeps going on at the end of the story for the land he should have realized he didn’t need that much land to begin with. If you have to walk more than a mile or three to plant or plow crops then you have too much land I personally feel. These are how these four horseman of the apocalypse connect in the story.

Sunday, November 10, 2019

Outline Worksheet for Persuasive Speech

Specific Purpose: To inform my audience of the advantages of the online courses. Thesis Statement: Now, the online courses become more and more popular. However, why increasable students chose online courses, there are lots of homework, the limit time and the higher quality of the class. With the improvement of the online courses, the students can get same knowledge, but spend less time in the online courses. Introduction I. Attention-getter: At the beginning of my speech, I have several questions. Did you always spend a lot time between the school and home? Did you usually worry that you couldn’t catch up with the teacher? Did you ever think about the solutions for those? II. Establishment of ethos: In fact, I usually don’t get up until the class will begin in the morning, so I ever think that the classroom could move into my room someday. Now it becomes true. The online courses will bring more sleep time for me. III. Preview:Even though many students still prefer face-to-face lecture classes, I think online courses are more beneficial because the content is the same as classroom courses, the time is flexible and there is no peer pressure in online courses. With such great benefits, students should sign up for online courses considering the hectic lifestyle everyone has today. (Transition: Now, I will talk about the advantages about the online courses. ) Body I. First, the content of online courses is the same as the courses in a classroom. A. Professors can record their lectures into videos and teach live online, and professors can also assign homework for their students easily. The only difference for students is that they have to hand in their homework through the internet. However, this has nothing to do with the quality of the class. B. I found an article named â€Å"Students Can Take Class Online at Home,† which was published in the Atlanta Journal & Constitution, said that â€Å"students log on to a designated Web site where lecture notes and slide shows are posted. † Therefore, online courses already became a helpful way to teach students. II. Second, the schedule is very flexible for students. A. For some online courses, professors will just put the materials on their own website and let students take courses at their own pace. For example, a math teacher can allow students to run through a lesson on the computer or use the computer to help illustrate what is being taught personally. The online courses can also be used to give extra help to students about to fail a class. B. In addition, if it is a class that requires a lot of time, they can take breaks whenever and then continue later on. It is also an effective way to take a class, because after a break, students can concentrate on the class better and remember more things at the same time. III. Third, some students think that if they take a classroom class, they will feel peer pressure, because if another student finishes faster than he or she does, then he or she will get nervous and can’t finish the rest well. A. The problem will be solved if they take an online course because it is just the students themselves at home so they can study the questions at their own pace without the pressure of feeling nervous. They may help the students get a high grade in the exam or an assignment. B. For example, in my Chinese university, there will often be a lot of students taking an exam in the classroom at the same time. I remember that one of my classmates in my English class took the mid-term exam with me and that he took a long time during the reading part. As time progressed, more and more students finished before he did and after the time was up, I asked him how he did and he told me he couldn’t concentrate on the test because of text anxiety and the constant distraction of students leaving before he did, so he got a low grade on this exam. Conclusion I. Summarize and Review: In conclusion, students can greatly benefit from online courses. The content in lecture classes is the same as online classes. Also, the peer pressure is gone when it comes to online courses. Most importantly, students who take online courses have more flexible study time. II. Tie to the introduction: Therefore, taking online courses, we will waste no time between school and home, but get the same knowledge. III. Creative concluding thought: I think online courses will become more available to all students in the future then students can probably learn more effectively from the online courses. References: Sophia Lezin Jones, Aug 7, 2000, Atlanta Journal & Constitution, Gwinnett students can take class online at home Carter, Rochelle, Aug 1, 2002, Atlanta Journal & Constitution, BACK TO SCHOOL: Online courses expand Clayton's Class.com gaining popularity http://oedb.org/library/distance-vs-local/10-advantages-to-taking-online-classes/ http://ezinearticles.com/?What-Are-The-Advantages-And-Disadvantages-Of-OnlineCourses?;id=317526 http://www.ehow.com/facts_4797506_online-training-advantages-disadvantages.html http://seacstudentweb.org/top-benefits-of-online-education.php

Friday, November 8, 2019

Working Capital Strategies Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers

Working Capital Strategies Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers Working Capital Strategies FIN/419 June 22, 2015 Michele Huss Working Capital Strategies Introduction Working capital is defined as as the difference between current assets and current liabilities ("Working Capital", 2015). Our team has reviewed important financial reports such as the most recent balance sheet and cash flows statements, taking relevant data to be analyzed for how it will impact cash management strategies. In order to have a distinct impact and increase profits there has to be growth and innovation, positively impacting consumer interest in Apples product line. To do this Apple executives and management have to have a clear image of where they are presently, and what needs to be accomplished to reach their goals. Included is a description of how current assets and liabilities affect cash flow management, this information is important because it allows management to make strategic decisions to increase revenue and market share. Our team has had the opportunity to make capital recommendations based on the assumption that Apples forecasted revenue will increase by twenty percent to management that includes detailed pro forma reports. The final area our team will focus on is how the increased revenue will effect Apples working capital policy, identifying lessons we have learned and highlighting areas that can be developed further. This gives members of senior management a clear outline of where this business Apple is and what it will take to attain their future financial goals. Increased Forecasted Revenues: MEGAN Any company's revenue has the ability to increase or to decrease each year. Let's observe Apple's current income statement; in accordance to Google Finance (2015), Apple's most recent income statement of March 3rd, 2015 had the company's total revenue at $58 million. Assuming we forecasted correctly, Apple's revenue increases 20% in 2016, let's say roughly $69 million. The company would have not only to perform well over the course of the year but also had to of developed a new piece of technology that the public loved. Over the past couple of years, Apple has managed to progress and present several products into the marketplace that clients excitedly expect. If a company's revenue increases it is most likely to increase their gross profit as well, and Apple appears to be using their working capital funds effectively. It is the information that's provided but financial statements; for example, balance sheet, income statement, & cash flow statement) that demonstrate whether that compa ny is profitable. And whether there is sufficient ability to meet the working capital also needs to the long-term debt. Current Assets & Liabilities Affect Cash Management: MEGAN The information one can obtain from financial statements provided by trend analysis, ratio analysis and the footnotes to the financial statements offer important information about the management of a company and its potential success over time. The only way anyone can learn how successful and profitable a company is involved careful and concise analysis of a company's financial statements. How are Apple's assets and liabilities affecting their cash flow? A closer look at the numbers demonstrates $231,839,000 in total assets and $120,292,000 in total liabilities (Yahoo Finance, 2015). So, increases in accounts receivable, inventory and prepaid expenses hurts the cash flow, decreases in these areas help the cash flow. Increases in short-term operating liabilities help cash flow where a decrease would hinder the cash flow. Apple does not seem to be in any distress at this point, and that is because of their innovative products. Poor cash flow makes nearly impossible to hire and retain d ecent employees; again Apple does not fall short here either. Lastly, the company's accounts receivable turnover and inventory (part of company assets) also to the actual cash flow analysis, determine how efficient revenues translate into cash flows. This aids in the determination when it comes to the company's health and stability. Capital Recommendation: MEGAN Any company, profitable or not should have a working capital recommendation. Calculating a pro forma is essential to the capital recommendation. According to Way (2007) a company's pro forma is the forecasted financial statements that are based on either anticipated future events or potentially changing business performance in upcoming periods. After research, I have constructed the following pro forma chart using the financial statements located in the Google Finance and Yahoo Finance references. Reference

Tuesday, November 5, 2019

These 6 part-time jobs come with benefits

These 6 part-time jobs come with benefits People want part-time jobs for a number of reasons- schedule flexibility, side hustle, and the chance to gain experience in a new field are just a few. But while part-time work is increasingly common, these jobs don’t always have the same features as their full-time counterparts, like benefits in addition to your salary or hourly wage. However don’t despair: if you’re seeking a part-time job with benefits (like health insurance, dental insurance, paid time off, etc.), it’s not necessarily like searching for a unicorn. Here are six part-time gigs (30 hours or fewer per week) that come with some of the perks normally reserved for full-timers.1. Registered NurseThis one may not seem like a part-time job on first glance, but it’s a career path that can be made flexible by taking reduced shifts or overnight hours. Nurses typically receive benefits through their employer, whether on a part-time or full-time basis. Becoming a nurse requires a minimum degre e in nursing (typically a bachelor’s), plus certification, so it’s important to make sure you have those credentials before you consider it for your part-time career.2. Bank TellerIf you have strong math skills and availability during traditional daytime â€Å"banker’s hours,† then you might want to consider becoming a bank teller. Some banks offer a full range of benefits to part-time employees including health insurance, retirement programs, and tuition reimbursement.3. Retail AssociateYou might have heard that retail companies are notorious for not having employee benefits, right? Not so fast. While unfortunately many retail companies do not provide benefits for their employees, there are large companies that famously offer benefits to part-time employees who work a certain number of hours per week, including the following:CostcoLand’s EndBarnes NobleLowe’sStaplesNikeWhole FoodsIt pays to do a little extra research on companies before yo u apply so you can see if these kinds of benefits that are available to non-full-time workers.4. BaristaSimilarly, some food service companies go out of their way to provide benefits to part-time employees, like Starbucks. Starbucks prides itself on offering healthcare coverage, a 401(k) retirement program, and educational reimbursement programs even to its part-time employees.5. Pharmacy TechnicianLike nursing, pharmacy technicians are health professionals who can set hours to turn a full-time job into a part-time one. These professionals work with pharmacists to dispense medication according to prescriptions and strict standards and work with customers to understand their prescriptions. Because many pharmacies are part of retail stores, the hours can be flexible.6. Logistics and Shipping AssociateCompanies like U-Haul and UPS offer a range of benefits to their part-time employees including insurance, a 401(k) retirement program, stock ownership, and educational reimbursement progr ams.So if you’re looking for part-time work, you don’t necessarily need to give up on the idea of having (at least some of) the benefits you’d enjoy as a full-time employee. You can have your flexibility and your perks at the same time. It may take some extra searching, but the research you do now will definitely pay off later.

Sunday, November 3, 2019

Ilandes between them Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ilandes between them - Essay Example Japan is a prominent affiliate for the US in several foreign policy subjects, especially when it comes to security priorities, from countering the growth of  China within the region to responding to threats from North Korea. After the World War II, the alliance between US and Japan has long been a fix of the US security function within East Asia. This alliance eases the forward operations of nearly 49,000 US troops, as well as other US military resources based within Japan into the Asia-Pacific. Therefore, if Japan makes a decision of becoming a member of the free trade agreement known as Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), it will turn out to be an even more crucial subject within the rebalancing strategy of the Obama Administration to Asia (Curtis). In the last seven years, Japan has fought to achieve political stability. Since 2007, Japan has seen six men becoming Prime Ministers, comprising of the present Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, who in 2006-2007 held the same post. His Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) resumed authority in a landslide election held in December 2012. Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ), i.e. the present opposition, had governed for three turbulent years following their own watershed election win in 2009 (Curtis). The leaders in Japan encounter  overwhelming responsibilities including a rising increasingly aggressive China, a feeble economy and overhauling from the destructive March 2011 earthquake, tsunami, as well as nuclear disaster. In the recent past, opposition dominion over a single chamber of parliament has deterred policymaking in Tokyo, thereby complicating the relations between US and Japan in spite of general shared national benefits. Abe is improbable to pursue divisive initiatives prior to the coming national elections in July 2013, for the Diet, i.e. the Upper House of parliament (Curtis). Perhaps most radically, the US is going to be directly engaged in a military clash between Japan and China concerning the Senkaku/Diaoyu islets within the East China Sea. Previous comments and deeds on contentious historical concerns by Prime Minister Abe together with his cabinet have resulted in concerns that Tokyo is capable of upset regional dealing in ways that could end up harming US interests. As a strong nationalist, Abe is currently under duress on the right by a newly created party flaunting its own hawkish opinions on national security. As a result, Abe’s approach to problems such as the alleged â€Å"comfort women† sex slaves during the World War II period, history textbooks, trips to the Yasukuni Shrine, which tributes to  war dead of Japan, as well as assertions on a territorial conflict with South Korea, will be under scrutiny by not only the neighbors of Japan, but also by the US (Curtis). Although the enormous and instantaneous humanitarian relief given by the US after the â€Å"triple disaster† in March 2011, bolstered the mutual alliance, difficult concerns remain especially those linked to the positioning of marines on Okinawa. In spite of Washington and Tokyo consenting to relocate the majority of marines from Okinawa into Guam, as well as other locations within the region, the two administrations were incapable of making

Friday, November 1, 2019

Leading a Multicultural Team through a Change Process Case Study - 18

Leading a Multicultural Team through a Change Process - Case Study Example The current discourse hereby aims to present an action plan to get the team back on track, using your new knowledge of multicultural teams and communication, the change process, decision making, and ethics. From the complaints that were relayed, as well as with the diversity of the team members, not only in cultural orientation but also in age and gender, it was evident that the team leader is currently faced with challenges to get the team back on track. The problems apparently stem from lack of unified interest and commitment to achieve a common goal. Likewise, there is lack of motivation to improve the performance and productivity of team members. As such, the means to solve the problems that were relayed by the members include application of leadership theories (leadership style and skills, motivational strategies), effective communication, change management, conflict resolution, as well as emphasis on the adherence to ethical, moral, and legal standards (Martires & Fule, 2004). Thus, emphasize time schedules, delineation of roles and responsibilities, reporting protocols, communication procedures, conflict resolution, and the need to change behaviour and attitude of members to attain the identified goal. Forge commitment from all the team members into collaborative and participative efforts to ensure that costs are minimized, identified projects phases and activities are undertaken according to schedule, and group cohesiveness is effectively manifested. Likewise, aside from the rewards, sanctions for violating policies and procedures for the project should also be developed. For instance, failure to produce expected outcome according to assigned tasks should be sanctioned or penalized according to the organization’s code of discipline (Hill & Jones, 2012). As emphasized, â€Å"the impetus for change is dissatisfaction with the old behaviour† (Martires & Fule, 2004, p. 358). The previous project leader was fired due to unethical behaviour.  Ã‚  

Wednesday, October 30, 2019

This assignment allows you to determine the specific details about the Essay

This assignment allows you to determine the specific details about the fictitous company in order to conduct an environmental scan of this company - Essay Example The two owners take care of the managerial aspects of the business, including financial forecasting; accounting and dealing with suppliers and buyers (there are no other salaried employees). Right now the business is facing great competition from rival manufacturers. As the operation is relatively small, producing only 6,000 units of output per month, they cannot enjoy economies of scale that are available to larger manufacturers, these manufacturers also have more clout over their suppliers (or have integrated backward operations) allowing for a lower cost of raw material which translates into lower prices for their customers. Similarly, challenging is the inflow of imported manufacturing parts from economies like China, Japan and Germany which can compete at prices lower than local prices. Government policies enhancing free trade and lowering of trade quotas means that without legislative protection, they have to introduce more efficient and effective ways of processing if the business is to remain afloat. The relative competitiveness in the market along with threat of new (more powerful) entrants will decide whether the business can continue to run or will have to be shut down. With the recession of 2008, the economy took a severe downturn and because of financial security concerns, the banks were reluctant to hand out loans to small businesses. The two partners started their business on self finance and in order to introduce new technology or managerial staff to run their business they will need more resources than they have on hand. Their focus for the past few months has been to form strong relationships with their current customers, including car dealerships, repair shops and the used car market, through strategic marketing and PR platforms. But at the moment they cannot gain customers in the car manufacturing sector as they don’t have the capacity to bring in large orders of

Sunday, October 27, 2019

Dyson Marketing Communications

Dyson Marketing Communications Dyson Appliances Limited is a UK based company which is a market leader in selling vacuum cleaners in UK, US, Australia, Japan and rest of Europe. It started marketing its vacuum cleaners in 1993 in UK. It has been branded the No.18 consumer superbrand for the year 2010 in UK. Dyson is not known as a manufacturer of electronic products but has been acquainted to the public as a technological innovative company. Innovation and invention is the heart of Dyson Ltd. It This private limited company was founded by James Dyson an industrial designer. To make the most effectively and world wide selling brand of vacuum cleaners is the mission statement of Dyson Ltd, with time Dyson has evolved into other products in the same home appliances category as the Washing machine, Bladeless fan and hand dryers. Being a private company all the details about the company are not available to the public, but the best of information has tried to be extracted from the available research papers, newspapers and websites. James Dyson attended Londons Byam Shaw art school and was specialising in painting. But painting beautiful objects wasnt enough to quell curiosity, he wanted to make, and then he joined the Royal College of Art, where James studied architecture, but instead of colonnades and cladding, robust marine engineering was the order of the day. He developed a flat-hulled high-speed landing craft and, with it, his passion for engineering. Pretty soon, hed also developed a new kind of wheelbarrow one with a big fat ball that didnt sink into mud and chunky feet for stability. All the while learning to take risks, make mistakes and use frustration as a fuel for creativity and solving problems. Dyson vacuums are exhibited in museums around the world, including the New York Museum  of Modern Art, the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, the Science Museum in London,  Pariss Centre Georges Pompidou, and the Danish Design Centre in Copenhagen. New ideas are the lifeblood of Dyson. Making Mistakes, failure and home trials are guiding principles of Dyson which invests around 50% of its incomes for further development. Dyson Key Markets and Areas of operation Being started commercial operations in the year 1993 in UK. Dyson has now consolidated its position as the market leader in the vacuum cleaner section in UK. It has presence across all over the world. Based on the available information Dyson sold its products in more than 40 countries. What is Marketing Communication The word Marketing Communication is made of 2 words which can be interpreted in their individual capacity. Hence, the meaning of Marketing Communication is varied due to changing interpretation of the base words. Marketing Marketing may be defined as the process by which organizations create interest of customers in products or services they produce. Marketing implies selling and a goal of effective benefit for the communicator. (Marketing Communication and the Hierarchy of Effects- Michael L. Ray) In the global context, global marketing can be defined as the firms commitment to coordinate its marketing activities across national boundaries in order to find and satisfy global customer needs better than the competition. This implies that the firm is able to: Develop a global marketing strategy based on similarities and differences between markets; Exploit the knowledge of the headquarters through worldwide diffusion (learning) and adaptations; Transfer knowledge and best practices from any of its markets and use them in other international markets. (From Global Marketing- Svend Hollensen) Communication Communication is a process of interaction of messages among persons through a communication channel or a medium. Communication is the exchange and flow of information and ideas from one person to another; it involves a sender transmitting an idea, information, or feeling to a receiver (U.S. Army, 1983). Effective communication occurs only if the receiver understands the exact information or idea that the sender intended to transmit. Marketing Communication In the context of marketing, communication is the message communicated by the organization for its intended or prospective customer, to ignite the buying process by such a customer. Effective Marketing Communication is one which would effect the sale of a product or a service. Marketing Communication (Marcom) is a subfield of marketing which involves personal selling, advertising, publicity, public relations, reseller support- merchandising, product sampling and packaging. These are all communication tools and the subfield is really an attempt to bring together several diverse part of the marketing mix under one conceptual framework based on communication research and theory. Marketing Communications is a critical aspect of a companys overall marketing mission and a major determination of its success. The marketing communications components of the marketing mix have increased in the importance dramatically during the past decade. Indeed, it has been claimed that marketing in the 1990s is the communication and communication is marketing. The two are inseparable Shimp (2000) Marcom cannot be just used for marketing alone but Marcom techniques can be used for a variety of other purposes such as for a political campaign, improvement in health practices, changes in societal beliefs etc. Thus marcom applies for persuasive mass media campaigns of all types. (Marketing Communication and the Hierarchy of Effects- Michael L. Ray) Role of marketing Communications Marketing communications (marcom) represents all the consumer oriented materials such as leaflets, press releases, Web sites, and trade show presentations. The importance generated of marcom planning is due to the direct relation of such planning to the customer, which makes marcom planning an important activity for the company. Thoughtfully written marcom plans: Enables the company to handle a large number of products, areas and consumer interactions in one single tone. Creation of integrated communication channels by a varied team of people. Assist the messages to grow above the sphere of the marketplace and continuously reach the target audiences. Provides superior results in terms of efforts of time and money. Tools of Marketing Communication For any organisation, the tools of marketing communications includes distributing information, promoting brand, image and reputation, creating and stabilizing product and service demand, emphasizing features and benefits, providing competitive differentiation, generating sales leads, ensuring customer retention and loyalty, and motivating staff. Some tools are as follows: Advertising Advertising is defined as any form of communication made by a public or a private undertaking in connection with trade, industrial activity, business, craft or profession in order to promote, directly or indirectly: a) the commercialisation of any goods or services, b) any ideas or principles, initiatives or institutions. Advertising is an impersonal, mass medium form of communication, in which the person who wants to communicate the message incurs a monetary cost for transmitting the message through a selected medium. It reaches a large number of audiences in a discrete way. There are two main functions of advertising: Influencing the demand for commodities and Managing awareness and understanding of the entity in an entirety. The various types of media which could be used for advertising are: Print media advertising like in the newspapers, periodicals, directories etc. Broadcast media advertising in the form of television and radio for mass penetration at a relatively lower cost per person reached. Outdoor advertising like the billboards on roads, bus-stops etc. Enclosed advertising like a store displaying its name inside the store. Digital and other media like telephony advertising, cinema advertising, online and internet marketing. Sales promotion Sales promotion is offering to the consumers extra or additional value. Such an additional value may be created by offering say Buy One get One products, or Half Price products, free products/ samples, extra quantity of the same goods at no extra price, discounts and price reductions. Hence the main objective of sales promotion is to encourage certain behaviour of audience, often to effect sales for the organization. Such a tool attracts new customers and help retain existing base. Direct marketing Direct marketing is the total of activities by which products and services are offered to market segments in one or more media for informational purposes or to solicit a direct response from a present or prospective customer or contributor by mail, telephone or personal visit. (Onkvisit and Shaw 1993, p717). Direct marketing is concerned with the management of customer behaviour and is used to complement the strengths and weaknesses of the other communications disciplines used to communicate directly with individual customers and often carry a behavioural (call to action) message. Fill, C. (2009), Marketing Communications Interactivity, Communities and content. Thus we can understand by direct marketing as all the activities undertaken by seller which help to communicate directly with the buyers for the purpose of effecting an action by the buyer Public Relations PR or publicity is the marketing communications function or activity undertaken by the organisations which carries out programmes designed to earn public understanding an acceptance. (Svend Hollensen Global Marketing, Pg: 554). Being a component of society an entity has to protect the interest of itself as well as its stakeholders (society in general )and therefore has to have effective marcom for good public relations. It involves both internal as well as external communication Personal Selling Unlike Advertising, personal selling is a dual way or more than 2 persons involved communication process which enables instant feedback and is not disturbed much by the noise like in advertising. It is an intense communication process and requires skills for effective communication, but it also enjoys high flexibility. Market Segmentation Market segmentation is the division of a market into different groups of customers with distinctly similar needs and product/service requirements. Targeting To determine which, if any, of the segments uncovered in the market segmentation should be targeted. Such segments are to be specifically targeted by the organization. Positioning The act of designing the companys offering and image so that they occupy a meaningful and distinct competitive position in the target customers minds. Integrated Marketing Communication The concept of IMC took birth in the US in the late 1980s. The Caywood, Schultz and Wang presented in 1991 the concept of IMC after a survey was conducted by Northwestern university with national goods advertisers in USA. Schultz defined IMC as, Broadly defined, IMC is a concept of marketing communication planning that recognizes the added value of using a comprehensive plan to evaluate the strategic roles of a variety of communication disciplines. It combines these disciplines to provide clarity, consistency and maximum communication impact. (Schultz et al, 1993). Proponents of IMC contend that it represents a logical first step in the transition from outbound product driven communication to the more interactive consumer and behaviour oriented approaches of the twenty first century. (Kitchen and Schultz, 1999). Thus we can understand from IMC that it is a process by which all forms of marketing communication are managed in such a way that the prospective customer or public are delivered a plain, constant and convincing message about the entity and its products. (An inside-out approach to integrated marketing communication-An international analysis by Gayle Kerr, Don Schultz, Charles Patti, Ilchul Kim) Among the differing definitions of IMC, Shimp has tried to find the unique features of IMC in 2000 as follows: The primary objective of IMC is to affect behaviour through directed communication. IMC process starts with the buyer or prospect and ends with the brand communicator. IMC uses all types of communication and all means and company contacts as message release channels For a stronger brand image synergy and coordination are utmost important. IMC entails marketing communication build lasting relationship between the brand and the buyer. Thus we can conclude that IMC is the planning, coordinating, controlling, integrating and managing the various communications which evolve from an organization towards its outside environment or external environment. Marketing Communications Strategies and Tactics employed by Dyson To understand the marketing communication strategy of Dyson, it is very important to know a brief history of the company which will help us understand the future course of marketing for the company. James Dyson had started working on his vacuum cleaner idea since 1978. His idea was to build a bagless, filterless vacuum cleaner. In the 1980s he approached Hoover Company which was the market leader of that time to take up his idea, but it was not accepted by Hoover. Undeterred by the Hoover snub, Dyson continued to work on his concept of vacuum cleaner. After 15 years of hard work, determination, toil and frustration and testing 5000 prototypes James finally launched the Dyson Cyclone DC01 Vacuum cleaner which was based on the effect of a tornado in 1993. The company for the next 12 years put almost 100 % of its profits for further RD expanding its team of scientists from a meagre 3 scientists to 350 scientists. In interview with a leading advertsing magazine, Dysons global marketing director, Clare Mullin, stressed the companys pledge to development, saying, Were an engineering-led company, not a marketing-led company. Thus the overall stress of the company can be found out to be technology, development, innovation and invention. This is a marked difference between a profit oriented commercial company and Duson. Dyson is an innovative, technology company not just any other company. This is the basis of marketing communication of Dyson that it is different. Context Analysis SWOT Analysis Strengths Technologically superior product offering Brand Image Loyal Customer base Financial Strength and higher profitability High Revenue generation Can earn premium on its product offerings Weakness Lower sales quantity than competitors Limited number of item offering in portfolio compared to larger competitors Limited resources Opportunities Qualitywise superior offering is always in demand everywhere. New untapped markets. Increasing sales by reducing prices. Threats Susceptible to cyclical changes as in recessionary conditions cheaper substitutes may be preferred. Branding as expensive products. Better product offerings by competitors at relatively lower prices. Strategic Mission and Objectives To build the most effective and efficient vacuum cleaners brand. Be a world leader in the vacuum cleaners brand To build world class cutting age electronic appliances for improving peoples lives To be technologically innovative To invest heavily in development for future sustenance of business Sr. No. UK markets US Markets To maintain the market leader position in the vacuum cleaner segment To maintain the market leader position in the vacuum cleaner segment Marketing Objectives To be a market leader in the vacuum cleaning and home appliances business. To market company as a technologically advanced company producing high quality products for improving daily lives. Sr. No. UK markets US Markets To maintain and consolidate the market leader position in the vacuum cleaner segment (2002) To rapidly enter into the market and capture the vacuum cleaning markets(2002) To increase sales by a certain percentage say 5% To increase sales by say 10% Marketing Communications Objectives Communications Impact- the objective of any marketing communication is too effectuate sales and promote the brand image of the organization. Credibility- It is the value attached by the customers Cost- These are the costs attached to the marketing communications. Control- The level of control which can be exercised on the marketing communication through different tools. The use of different tools entail acahievement of different objactives as may be predecided by the organization. Marketing Communication Message Objectives Differentiate- Dyson has tried to differentiate its products by stressing the superior technology of the product. Dont Lose the Suction Campaign very well pronounces the differentiation of Dyson products from its competitors product. Remind- This messages involve repeating the messages earlier delivered. This consolidates and Strengthens previous communication. Dyson states that his messages are boring, but still it shows the companys seriousness towards its business. Inform- This involves informing and educating the qualities of the product. Dysons product in US and UK do the same function of informing qualities to the customers. Persuade- This induces the customers to take action towards buying the product. In short, the marketing communication message objective should be to attract, maintain and inform consumers about the brand. Marketing Communication Strategies (3 Ps) The adoption of the strategy is based on the Product Life cycle and the particular marketing objectives: Pull Strategy Push strategy and Profile Strategy UK and Europe Markets Dyson believed in its products to be the advertising tools. For a technology enhanced quality product the word of mouth is the best form of advertising or marketing communication. In Europe Dyson enjoyed a huge word of mouth advertising, hence the need for specific high budgets or cost allocation to marketing communication was less. One more way of communication was through recommendation of store staffs. US market After tasting success on the European Continent, Dyson embarked on new voyages to the Unites States. The entry of the high priced, British made vacuum cleaner in US coincided with the recession and dwindling US Vacuum industry in 2002. But the creator of vacuum cleaner James Dyson also presiding Dyson Ltd was upbeat about the success of vacuum cleaner in US markets. Such an upbeat mood was due to the knowledge of placing a high technology product in the hands of customers creating value for the product. The tools of mouth to mouth marketing communication was not feasible in US as people were not so close and distances separated people. DOESNT LOSE SUCTION CAMPAIGN Fallon Worldwide, an ad agency won the advertising contact from Dyson and launched a campaign in USA in 2002 by the name Doesnt Lose Suction to showcase the superior technology of Dyson products in the vacuum cleaning business segment which needed an improvement and a change as per Dyson. Part Two For the selection of an organization, we have selected Apple Inc. as our organization. The company is to launch a Summer campaign for the launch of its Iphone-5 in the UK Markets. Launch date is on June 1 2011 Apple Inc. Objectives Based on the organizational motto of Think Differently, Apple Inc has its stated objectives of focusing on satisfying personal consumer demands rather than merely fulfilling a demographic requirement as well as, improving performance and stability rather than introducing new features when releasing new versions of any product. Brand Mission The Apple Iphone brand mission is to bring best mobile experience to everyone. Brand Vision The Iphone brand vision is to empower everyone with the latest cutting age mobile technology. Brand Objectives Producing a phone which caters to all the basic requirements of a mobile. Build strong brand orientation. To cater to the niche segment of the market. Introducing latest and innovative technology in mobile phone experience. To present an internet facilitating smartphone along with the Ipod and improved version of Iphone 3 and Iphone 4 Features Improved network connectivity than Iphone 4 Camera for photography and video needs for special moments, 8 MP Camera including a camera for video calls. Sleek and stylish features 64/128 GB Memory for extra storage needs One Touch email technology Upcoming 4G Networking technology. Inbuilt Apple GPS Navigation system. One push connectivity Highest resolution screen in the phone market. Touch screen with scratch proof technology Situational Analysis SWOT Analysis Strengths Higher price helps maintaining it as a mobile for niche people, hence demand is maintained. It is the most handy phone available in the market. Thousands of software applications are available specifically made for Apple on Istores. Upgradability is possible due to software upgradation. Brand Knowledge makes Apple products sell as hotcakes. It has best touch screen resolution in the market. Most suitable for entertainment purposes attracting young people towards Iphone. Weakness High price deters some customers Not much suitable for business purposes. Opportunities Relatively smaller segment of smartphone has scope for development. Branding as an innovator and revolutionizing products. IStore provides a continous stream of revenue even after sale of Iphones. Perceived luxury value to Iphone has result of increasing demand. Opportunities to tie up with many companies for creating Iphone applications. Threats Competitors coming up with better quality and better features for phone Apparent pressure for reducing prices. Target Customer profile Market Segmentation This involves identifying the similar groups of customers. For Iphone similar groups of customers maybe male/ female, amateurs/ professionals/ corporate persons, students etc. Target Market Iphone target market is the group of people who want smart phones as well as entertainment devices. The target may include cream class of people, who like to boost features. For business needs professionals, corporate personnel are to be targeted. The primary target would be the upper middle income persons. They would be targeted as the phone is build based on their requirements. The secondary target could be the university students, high school and college students who need a all-in one device. Corporate customers for large orders are also to be targeted. Positioning The Iphone 5 is to be positioned as a revolutionary product, differentiating from all the available phones in the market. It is to be marketed as an Apple brand, a symbol of quality. To be promoted as a computer which is a phone. Marketing Objective A high target has been set up for the first 2 years of launch in UK and USA: In the first year, 2 lacs of Iphone to be sold in UK based on our past performance of Iphone sales. In the 2nd year, an increase of 20% in the sales target over 1st year is contemplated. Marketing Strategy Product The Iphone has the great features as described above. Price The Iphone is competitively priced at  £450 in the UK markets. But in agreement with network providers like Vodafone, T- mobile, 3, Orange, O2 etc, competitive and best deals would be provided for the customers. Promotion As the target groups are found out, targeting the target group with the latest promotional media. Large scale TV advertisments. Regular advertisements for full 2 years period. Creative advertisement. Creation of hype around the phone. Place (Distribution) Large scale distribution of phones before the day of launch based on the past experinces of rush on the launch day and shortages within hours of launch. Message and Creative idea If you are not using Iphone5, you are missing out on something!!!. Have you tried your hand at the new Iphone. Iphone5, This changes everything again!!! Budget Based on the targeted sales of 2 lacs Iphone5 , the revenues turn out to be ( £450 * 200000) =  £90,000,000. We would work out the initial marketing communication expense at say 20% of revenues, then we have a total of  £18,000,000 for our marketing. Reference and Bibliography Svend Hollensen: Global Marketing- A decision oriented Approach, Fourth edition, Pearson- Prentice Hall http://www.jiffynotes.com/a_study_guides/book_notes_add/emmc_0000_0002_0/emmc_0000_0002_0_00096.html http://www.superbrands.uk.com/Pages/DocumentManager/ConsumerTop500_2010.pdf http://ristiuty.edublogs.org/files/2008/11/integrated-marketing-communication.pdf http://www.iphoners.com/threads/iphone-marketing-plan.141/ (Accessed on 17-1-2011) http://www.howtobeamarketer.com/articles/marketing-mix/4-promotion-marketing-communications/46-integrated-marketing-communications-templates-word-powerpoint-and-pdf (Accessed on 17-1-2011) Used for IMC Plan Diagram

Friday, October 25, 2019

The Created and Existent Gods in Homer’s Iliad Essay -- Greek, Classic

The ancient Greeks used the gods to explain the extraordinary and unusual events of the world around them. The ancient Greek world accepted these gods as anthropomorphic representations of natural forces and phenomena. Moreover, some gods were seen as actual people whose supernatural abilities gave them control over these natural forces. Homer’s Iliad is a prime example of these two different interpretations of the gods. In this epic, Homer anthropomorphizes some phenomena, thus creating deities in order to explain some of the events of the Trojan War. These created gods are abstract and represent only the single phenomenon that Homer attributes to them. The Olympian gods, on the other hand, are existent deities whose actions go beyond the phenomena attributed to them by the Greeks. Homer, therefore, uses the Olympians to explain numerous phenomena. In Homer’s Iliad, the goddess Strife appears only at times of war. In book 11, Homer says, â€Å"Strife took her stand, raising her high-pitched cry,/ great and terrible, lashing the fighting-fury/ in each Achaean's heart-no stopping them now† (Homer 11.11-13). Strife appears here as a motivator for the Achaean army to continue fighting. Again we see her â€Å"[hurl] down the leveler Hate amidst both sides,/ wading into the onslaught, flooding men with pain† during the battle (Homer, 4.515-516). There are moments, however, when Homer does not anthropomorphize Strife, and plainly uses the word strife, such as when Zeus reprimands Ares: â€Å"Always dear to your heart,/ strife, yes, and battles, the bloody grind of war† (Homer 5.1031-1032). In this instance, Homer does not attribute any human characteristics to Strife, indicating that she is a created deity and not an existent one like the Olympians. ... ...ey were immortal beings in human form with human emotions that affect their actions. It is clear that Homer divides the gods into the created abstract gods, and the existent Olympian gods. The function of one group of gods differs from that of the other. Whereas the abstract gods are present in the Iliad in order to explain the natural forces that are attributed to them, the Olympian gods are characters that represent and explain a whole lot more. Rather than explain only the natural forces attributed to them, these gods also explain the unnatural and more magical occurrences of the war. The Olympian gods are not anthropomorphized concepts that the other gods and warriors can take advantage of. Instead, the Olympians are anthropomorphized beings who are capable of doing much more than the forces attributed to them and whose emotions often affect these actions.